Drilling Fluid Additives

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Product name

CAS

Formula

Bromine

CAS7726-95-6

FormulaBr

SynonymElemental Bromine, Bromine

Density25.9 lbgal

Vapor Pressure175 mm (21 c)

Odordk. red fuming liq., pungent odor

Refractive Index1.6083 (20 c)

Flash Point-7.27 c

Specific gravity3.119 (204 c)

Solubility8 in water (20 c)

Boiling Point58.8 c

Borate Salts

FormulaNa2B4O7 . 10H20

SynonymBorax, Sodium Tetraborate

Bentonite

CAS1302-78-9

FormulaN/A

SynonymBentonite Salt, Bentonite clay, Bentonite, Bentonite. A colloidal clay. Consists primarily of montmorillonite (CI 77004)

pH9.5-10.5

Insolubilityin water and org. solvs.

Odorodorless, sl. earthy taste

Colorlight to cream-colored impalpable powder

Barium Carbonate

CAS513-77-9

FormulaBaCO3

SynonymWitherite, Carbonic acid, barium salt (1:1)

Practically Insolublein water

Odorodorless

Molecular weight197.37

Specific gravity4.4

Solubilityacids except sulfuric, soln. of ammonium chloride ammonium nitrate

Boiling Point1450 c

Aminoethyl Ethanolamine

CAS111-41-1

FormulaC4H11N2OH

SynonymAEEA, N-(ß-Hydroxyethyl)-Ethylenediamine, Ethanol, 2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]-

Density1.030

Sparingly Solublein diethyl ether

Very Solublein water, ethanol, acetone

Vapor Pressure0.01 mm hg (20 c)

Odormild ammoniacal odor

Refractive Index1.4861 (20 c)

Molecular weight104.15

Colorcolorless liquid

Flash Point110 c

Boiling Point238-240 c (752 mm)

Hexamethylene Tetramine

CAS100-97-0

FormulaC6H12N4

SynonymHMTA, 1,3,5,7-Tetraazatricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]decane, 1,3,5,7-Tetraazatricyclo[3.3.1.1(3,7)]decane

Density1.27 (25 c)

Insolubilityin ether

Odorsl. amine odor

Molecular weight140.22

Colorwhite crystal powder or colorless lustrous crystals

Solubilitywater, alcohol, chloroform

1,6-Hexanediamine

CAS124-09-4

FormulaC6H16N2

SynonymHexamethylenediamine, HMDA, 1,6-Hexanediamine, Hexamethylenediamine

Vapor Pressure3 mm hg (60 c)

Melting Point39-42 c

Odorpyridine odor

Molecular weight116.21

Colorcolorless crystal

Flash Point(coc) 85 c

Specific gravity0.839 (50 c)

Solubilitymgml in acetone

Boiling Point204 c

SynonymZeolite, Zeolites. Crystalline aluminosilicates, composed of silica (SiO2) and alumina (Al2O3), in various proportions plus metallic oxides. Produced by hydrothermal treatment of a solid aluminosilicate or of a gel obtained by the reaction of sodium hydroxide, alu

Insolubilityin water

Odorwh., odorless powd.

Hydrochloric Acid - Drilling Grade

CAS7647-01-0

FormulaHCl

SynonymMuriatic Acid, Hydrogen Chloride, HCl, Hydrochloric acid, Hydrogen chloride

Density1.639 gl (gas, 0 c), 1.194 (liq., -26 c)

Color (APHA)15.0 Max

Calcium2.0 ppm Max

Free Chlorine3.0 ppm Max (as Cl2)

Lead0.2 ppm Max

Fluoride2.0 ppm Max

Degrees Baumé20.0 - 23.0

HCl Content31.5 - 38.0% by weight

Arsenic0.1 ppm Max

Iron0.5 ppm Max

Sulfate10.0 ppm Max

Bromide50.0 ppm Max

Organics1.0 ppm Max

Non-Volatile Residue15.0 ppm Max

pH1.1 (0.1 n soln.)

Insolubilityin hydrocarbons

Melting Point-114.3 c

Odorpungent odor

Molecular weight36.46

Colorcolorless fuming gas or liquid

Solubilitywater, alcohol, ether, benzene

Boiling Point-84.8 c

Barium Sulfate

CAS7727-43-7

FormulaBaSO4

SynonymBarite Powder, Sulfuric acid, barium salt (1:1)

Density4.25-4.5

Practically Insolublein water, dilute acids, alcohol

Chloride< 0.001%

Assay> 97.0%

Acidity< 0.01%

Water-soluble salts< 0.02%

Phosphate< 0.001%

Iron< 0.001%

Heavy Metals< 0.001%

Melting Point1580 c

Odorwh. or ylsh. fine powd. free from grittiness, odorless, tasteless

Refractive Index1.64

Molecular weight233.40

Solubilityconc. sulfuric acid

Potassium Lignite

CAS68514-28-3

FormulaC52H46O10(OCH3)COOH(OH)4C=NKCOOH

SynonymPotassium Humate, Causticized Potassium Lignite, Humic acids, potassium salts

Physical StateFree flowing powder

Moisture Content12-15%max

Active Matter80-85%min (dry basis)

Potassium11-13%

Sodium2%max

Humeric Acid50-60%

Particle Size30-120mesh

ph (1% solution)9.0~11.0

Hexamethylenediamine

CAS124-09-4

FormulaC6H16N2

Synonym1,6 Hexanediamine, 1,6-Hexanediamine, Hexamethylenediamine

Melting Point42 deg C

Physical StateSolid

Boiling Point204 deg C

Flash Point80 deg C

Appearancecolorless or white

Purity99.6% Min

SolubilitySoluble in water

Specific gravity0.848

Water Content0.4% Max

Vapor Pressure3 mm hg (60 c)

Odorpyridine odor

Molecular weight116.21

Colorcolorless crystal

Hexamethylenetetramine

CAS100-97-0

FormulaC6H12N4

SynonymHMTA, 1,3,5,7-TETRAAZATRICYCLO[3.3.1.1(3,7)]DECANE, 1,3,5,7-Tetraazatricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]decane, 1,3,5,7-Tetraazatricyclo[3.3.1.1(3,7)]decane

Density1.27 (25 c)

Formaldehyde0.02% Max

Volatile Matter0.3% Max

Moisture0.3% Max

Water Insolubles(10% sol) 8.5 - 9.5

Water Insolubles0.2% Max

AppearanceWhite crystalline powder

Purity99.5%

Ash0.2% Max

Ammonia0.02% Max

Sulfates0.01% Max

Odorsl. amine odor

Insolubilityin ether

Molecular weight140.22

Colorwhite crystal powder or colorless lustrous crystals

Solubilitywater, alcohol, chloroform

Choline Chloride

CAS67-48-1

FormulaC5H14ClNO

Synonym2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium chloride, Ethanaminium, 2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-, chloride (1:1)

Appearencewhite crystalline powder

Melting Point302.00 to 305.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

logP (o/w)-3.70

Assay95.00 to 100.00 %

Odorsl. odor of trimethylamine

Molecular weight139.65

Colorcolorless to white crystal

Solubilitywater and alcohol

Potassium Acetate

CAS127-08-2

FormulaC2H3KO2

SynonymAcetic Acid, potassium salt, Acetic acid, potassium salt (1:1), Potassium acetate

Density1.57

Direct Evaporative Coolingon heating

Melting Point303.00 to 307.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

logP (o/w)-3.72

Storagestore in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light

Odorodorless

Shelf Life12 month(s) or longer if stored properly

Assay99.00 to 100.00 %

Appearancewhite crystalline powder

Insolubilityin ether

Molecular weight98.14

Colorcolorless lustrous crystal or white crystal powder or flakes

Solubilitywater, alcohol, oxygenated solvs.

Ethanol

CAS64-17-5

FormulaC2H6O

SynonymAlcohol, Ethanol, Ethanol

Density0.816 (15.5 c)

Surface Tension21.99 dynescm

Auto/Self Ignition Temperaturetemp. 362 c

Appearancecolorless clear liquid

Refractive Index1.31000 to 1.36000 @ 20.00 °C

Flash Point49.00 °F. TCC

Odor Typealcoholic

Assay99.00 to 100.00 %

Melting Point-115.00 to -114.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

Vapor Pressure44.600000 mm/Hg @ 20.00 °C

Pounds/Gallon6.424 to 6.540

Specific gravity0.77200 to 0.78600 @ 25.00 °C

Boiling Point78.00 to 79.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

Vapor Density1.59

logP (o/w)-0.19

Boiling Point22.00 to 23.00 °C. @ 50.00 mm Hg

Odorstrong alcoholic ethereal medical

Molecular weight46.08

Colorcolorless limpid

Castor Oil

CAS8001-79-4

FormulaC57H101O6(OH)3

SynonymRicinoleic Acid 90%, Ricinus Oil, Castor oil

Appearancecolorless to pale brown clear oily liquid

Iodine Value83-88

Specific gravity0.95500 to 0.96100 @ 25.00 °C

Pounds/Gallon7.947 to 7.996

Saponification Value176.00 to 185.00

Flash Point235.00 °F. TCC

Shelf Life24 month(s) or longer if stored properly

Odorfaint odor

Tastebland taste

Boiling Point313.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

Refractive Index1.46200 to 1.47200 @ 20.00 °C

Acid Value2.00 max. KOH/g

Storagestore in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light

2-Ethylhexanol

CAS104-76-7

FormulaC8H18O

SynonymIsooctanol, Ethyl Hexanol, 1-Hexanol, 2-ethyl-, 2-Ethylhexan-1-ol

Density0.83 (20 c)

Surface Tension27.6 dynescm (20 c)

Slightly Solublein water

Refractive Index1.42900 to 1.43400 @ 20.00 °C

Boiling Point184.00 to 186.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

Vapor Pressure0.207000 mm/Hg @ 25.00 °C

Flash Point171.00 °F. TCC

Odorcitrus fresh floral oily sweet

Assay96.00 to 100.00 %

Specific gravity0.83000 to 0.83400 @ 25.00 °C

Melting Point-76.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

Vapor Density4.49

Appearancecolorless to pale yellow clear oily liquid

logP (o/w)2.82

Odor Typecitrus

Pounds/Gallon6.906 to 6.940

Molecular weight130.26

Colorcolorless to pale yellow clear liquid, mild oily sweet slightly rose fragrance

Solubilityethanol, ether, diethyl ether, dmso, acetone, benzene, chloroform

Toluene

CAS108-88-3

FormulaC6H5*CH3

SynonymMethylbenzene, Toluol, Phenylmethane, DEA Code 6594, Benzene, methyl-, Benzene, methyl-

Density0.866 (204 c)

Very Solublein water

Melting Point-94.5 c

Relative Evaporation Rate (Ether=1)6

Vapour Pressure @ 20C2.9 kPa

Aromatics19 mg/kg

Aniline point60 C

Refractive Index @ 20° C1.497

Distillation - Initial Boiling Point110 C

Antoine Constant B #1342.31 kPa, C

Naphthenes31 %

Lower Explosion Limit in Air0.6 % v/v

Viscosity @ 25°C1.5 mm^2/s

Hildebrand Solubility Parameter7.9 (cal/cm^3)^1/2

Vapour Pressure @ 0C0.89 kPa

Paraffins50 %

Auto Ignition Temp297 C (ASTM e659)

Auto Ignition Temp230 C (DIN 51794)

Surface Tension @ 20C26 mN/m

Density @ 15 ° C0.871 kg/L

Colour+30 Saybolt

Temperature Limits for Antoine Equation+40 to +100 C

Upper Explosion Limit in Air6.0 % v/v

Thermal Conductivity @ 20C0.14 W/m/C

Hydrogen Bonding Index0.5

Molecular weight155 g/mol

Coefficient of Cubic Expansion @ 20C11 10^-4/C

Distillation - Dry Point111 C

Relative Evaporation Rate (nBuAc=1)1.9

Antoine Constant A #6.07577 kPa, C

Saturated Vapour Concentration @ 20C110 g/m^3

Benzene<3 mg/kg

Sulphur<1 mg/kg

Flash Point (Abel)67 C

Electrical Conductivity @ 20C<1 pS/m

Antoine Constant C #219.187 kPa, C

Pour point<-30 C

Kauri-Butanol Number33

Fractional Polarity0

Vapor Pressure36.7 mm hg (30 c)

Refractive Index1.4967 (20 c)

Odorbenzene odor

Colorcolorless clear liquid

Flash Point(cc) 4.4 c

Solubilityalcohol, benzene, ether, acetone, chloroform, petrol. ether, ethyl acetate

Boiling Point110.7 c

Hexylene Glycol

CAS107-41-5

FormulaC6H14O2

Synonym2-Methylpentane-2,4-Diol, 4-Methyl-2,4-pentanediol, 2,4-Pentanediol, 2-methyl-, 2-Methylpentane-2,4-diol

Density0.9216 (204 c)

Melting Point-50 c

Coefficient of Cubic Expansion @ 20C9 10^-4/C

Antoine Constant C #156.045 kPa, C

Flash Point (Abel)93 C

Upper Explosion Limit9.9% v/v

Electrical Conductivity @ 20C3 uS/m

Specific Heat @20C2.2 kJ/kg/C

Miscibility @20C: Water in solventcomplete

Molecular weight118 g/mol

Purity99.0% m/m min

Dielectric Constant @ 20C25

Thermal Conductivity @ 20C0.16 W/m/C

Antoine Constant B #1606.29 kPa, C

Vapour Pressure @ 20C<0.01 kPa

Refractive Index @ 20° C1.428

Color<5 Pt-Co

Relative Evaporation Rate (nBuAc=1)<0.01

Antoine Constant A #6.55177 kPa, C

Temperature Limits for Antoine Equation+70 to +200 C

Vapor Pressure @ 50C0.06 kPa

Saturated Vapour Concentration @ 20C<0.5 g/m^3

Lower Explosion Limit1.0% v/v

Surface Tension @ 20C33 mN/m

Viscosity @ 20C39 mPa.s

Hydrogen Bonding Index-20.0

Fractional Polarity0.737

Heat of Vaporization @Tboil449 kJ/kg

Miscibility @20C: Solvent in watercomplete

Density @ 20C0.922 kg/L

Boiling Point198 C

Auto Ignition Temp425 C

Freezing Point-50 C

Hildebrand Solubility Parameter11.3 (cal/cm^3)^1/2

Heat of Combustion (Net) @25C29500 kJ/kg

Water0.05% m/m

Refractive Index1.4276 (20 c)

Odornearly odorless

Flash Point(tcc) 98 c

Solubilitywater, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, ethers, fatty acids

Dipropylene Glycol Methyl Ether

CAS34590-94-8

FormulaC7H16O3

SynonymGlycol Ether DPM, DPGME, solvent DM, DPM solvent, propasol, 2-(2-methoxymethylethoxy), Propanol, 1(or 2)-(2-methoxymethylethoxy)-

Temperature Limits for Antoine Equation+50 to +190 C

Refractive Index @ 20° C1.423

Thermal Conductivity @ 20C0.11 W/m/C

Color<5 Pt-Co

Upper Explosion Limit8.7% v/v

Miscibility @20C: Water in solventcomplete

Molecular weight148 g/mol

Water0.05% m/m

Density @ 20C0.953 kg/L

Coefficient of Cubic Expansion @ 20C10 10^-4/C

Boiling Point191 C

Antoine Constant A #6.70707 kPa, C

Antoine Constant B #1633.03 kPa, C

Vapour Pressure @ 20C<0.01 kPa

Flash Point (Abel)79 C

Lower Explosion Limit1.3% v/v

Dielectric Constant @ 20C10.5

Freezing Point-83 C

Viscosity @ 20C4.3 mPa.s

Hydrogen Bonding Index0.0

Fractional Polarity0.050

Dilution Ratio: Toluene4.2

Heat of Combustion (Net) @25C27500 kJ/kg

Specific Heat @20C2.0 kJ/kg/C

Azeotrope with water: Solvent Content8.0 % m/m

Relative Evaporation Rate (Ether=1)360

Saturated Vapour Concentration @ 20C<0.5 g/m^3

Hildebrand Solubility Parameter8.7 (cal/cm^3)^1/2

Purity98.5% m/m min

Relative Evaporation Rate (nBuAc=1)0.04

Antoine Constant C #161.693 kPa, C

Vapor Pressure @ 50C0.10 kPa

Auto Ignition Temp205 C

Electrical Conductivity @ 20C10 uS/m

Dilution Ratio: SBP 100/1400.8

Heat of Vaporization @Tboil306 kJ/kg

Miscibility @20C: Solvent in watercomplete

Azeotrape with Water: Boiling Point99.2 C

Diisobutyl Ketone

CAS108-83-8

FormulaC9H18O

SynonymDIBK, Dibutyl ketone, s-Diisopropylacetone, Isobutyl ketone, Isovalerone, Valerone, 4-Heptanone, 2,6-dimethyl-, 2,6-Dimethylheptan-4-one

Density0.8076

Surface Tension24.54 dynescm

Auto/Self Ignition Temperaturetemp. 396 c

Practically Insolublein water

Melting Point-46 c

Antoine Constant B #1476.40 kPa, C

Specific Heat @20C2.0 kJ/kg/C

Antoine Constant A #6.07029 kPa, C

Molecular weight142 g/mol

Purity94.0% m/m min

Water0.1% m/m

Density @ 20C0.808 kg/L

Coefficient of Cubic Expansion @ 20C10 10^-4/C

Refractive Index @ 20° C1.413

Boiling Point168 C

Antoine Constant C #195.000 kPa, C

Vapour Pressure @ 20C0.16 kPa

Vapor Pressure @ 50C1.1 kPa

Flash Point (Abel)50 C

Auto Ignition Temp345 C

Dielectric Constant @ 20C9.9

Surface Tension @ 20C23 mN/m

Fractional Polarity0.123

Hydrogen Bonding Index9.8

Azeotrape with Water: Boiling Point97.3 C

Azeotrope with water: Solvent Content49.0% m/m

Color<10 Pt-Co

Relative Evaporation Rate (nBuAc=1)0.18

Electrical Conductivity @ 20C4 uS/m

Freezing Point-42 C

Hildebrand Solubility Parameter7.8 (cal/cm^3)^1/2

Dilution Ration: Toluene1.5

Heat of Combustion (Net) @25C37500 kJ/kg

Miscibility @20C: Solvent in water0.05% m/m

Relative Evaporation Rate (Ether=1)48

Thermal Conductivity @ 20C0.13 W/m/C

Miscibility @20C: Water in solvent0.45% m/m

Dilution Ration SBP 100/1400.8

Temperature Limits for Antoine Equation+20 to +170 C

Heat of Vaporization @Tboil277 kJ/kg

Viscosity @ 20C0.92 mPa.s

Saturated Vapour Concentration @ 20C9 g/m^3

Lower Explosion Limit0.8% v/v

Upper Explosion Limit6.2% v/v

pHneutral

Vapor Pressure1.65 mm hg

Refractive Index1.4130 (20 c)

Odormild sweet peppermint odor

Flash Point(cc) 49 c

N-Isopropyl acrylamide

CAS2210-25-5

FormulaC5H8NO(CH2CH)n

SynonymNIPA, 2-Propenamide, N-(1-methylethyl)-

Molecular weight113.18

Sodium Bicarbonate

CAS144-55-8

FormulaNaHCO3

SynonymSoda Ash, Bicarb, Carbonic acid sodium salt (1:1), Sodium hydrogencarbonate

Density2.159

Slightly Solublein ethanol

pH8.3 (0.1m soln.)

Molecular weight84.01

Solubilitywater

Caustic Soda

CAS1310-73-2

FormulaNaOH

SynonymSodium Hydroxide, Sodium hydroxide (Na(OH)), Sodium hydroxide

Density2.12 (204 c)

Iron (Fe)< 10 mg/kg

NaClO3< 15 mg/kg

Density @ 20C2.13 g/cm3

Melting Pointapprox. 321°C

NaOH99.0 - 99.7%

Solubility in water42 g/100 g (at 0°C)

Na2CO3< 0.4%

Bulk Density1.10 - 1.16 g/cm3

Molar Mass40 g/mol

NaCl< 0.04%

Na2SO4< 0.02%

Vapor Pressure1 mm (739 c)

Molecular weight40.00

Solubilitywater, alcohol, methanol, glycerin

Boiling Point1390 c

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Drilling Fluid Additives

Bromine

Borate Salts

Bentonite

Barium Carbonate

Aminoethyl Ethanolamine

Hexamethylene Tetramine

1,6-Hexanediamine

Zeolite 4A

Hydrochloric Acid - Drilling Grade

Barium Sulfate

Potassium Lignite

Hexamethylenediamine

Hexamethylenetetramine

Choline Chloride

Potassium Acetate

Ethanol

Castor Oil

2-Ethylhexanol

Toluene

Hexylene Glycol

Dipropylene Glycol Methyl Ether

Diisobutyl Ketone

N-Isopropyl acrylamide

Sodium Bicarbonate

Caustic Soda

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